Weather and Seasons (Погода и времена года)

Lesson Objective:

By the end of this lesson, learners will be able to describe the weather and name the four seasons in Russian. They will also be able to ask and answer basic questions about the weather and seasons.

Vocabulary List:

• Погода (pogoda): Weather


• Время года (vremya goda): Season


• Зима (zima): Winter


• Весна (vesna): Spring


• Лето (leto): Summer


• Осень (osen’): Autumn


• Холодно (kholodno): Cold


• Жарко (zharko): Hot


• Тепло (teplo): Warm


• Прохладно (prokhladno): Cool


• Идёт дождь (idyot dozhd’): It is raining


• Светит солнце (svetit solntse): The sun is shining


• Идёт снег (idyot sneg): It is snowing


• Облачно (oblachno): Cloudy


• Ветрено (vetreno): Windy

Grammar Point:

Using "идёт" to describe weather conditions:

In Russian, the verb "идёт" (goes/is going) is commonly used to describe certain weather phenomena:

• Идёт дождь – It is raining.


• Идёт снег – It is snowing.

These phrases use the third person singular form of the verb идти (to go), combined with the noun for the weather condition: дождь (rain), снег (snow), etc.

Using adjectives to describe temperature:

• Холодно – Cold


• Тепло – Warm


• Жарко – Hot


• Прохладно – Cool

These are impersonal adjectives, most often used with the verb "сейчас" (now) or in short sentences:

• Сегодня жарко. – Today is hot.


• Зимой холодно. – It is cold in winter.

Exercises:

Reading Comprehension:

Прочитайте текст:

Сегодня лето. На улице жарко и светит солнце. Люди гуляют в парке, дети играют. Иногда идёт дождь, но он быстро заканчивается. Завтра будет немного прохладней.

Answer the questions:

• Какая сейчас пора года?


• Какая погода сегодня?


• Что делают люди?


• Какая погода будет завтра?

Listening Comprehension:

Task: Listen to a short weather forecast in Russian. Identify which seasons or weather conditions you hear. (Your instructor will play the recording.)

Example prompt:"Сегодня зима. Идёт снег. Очень холодно."

Write down the weather conditions and the associated season in English.

Speaking Practice:

Practice with a partner:

• Ask: Какое сегодня число и какая погода?


• Answer: Сегодня [дата], и [погода].

Example dialogue:

A: Какое сегодня число и какая погода?

B: Сегодня пятнадцатое июня, и светит солнце. Жарко.

Summary:

In this lesson, you learned vocabulary related to weather and the four seasons in Russian. You practiced using verbs and adjectives to describe the weather and answered questions about seasonal activities and weather patterns. Understanding how to describe weather is essential for everyday conversations and travel.

Homework:

• Write 5 sentences about the weather this week in your city, using at least three new words from the vocabulary list.


• Draw a picture of your favorite season and label the weather conditions in Russian.


• Listen to a Russian weather report online and write down three weather-related words you understand.